Legalize anabolic steroids

SummaryThere is an immense national worry over the abuse and maltreatment of anabolic steroids for upgrade of solid height and execution among serious athletes.â Latest assessments have demonstrated that roughly 5% of all secondary school understudies have utilized anabolic steroids, with practically 50% of the high understudies accepting that these medications are not unsafe to their health.â Drug requirement enactments have remembered anabolic steroids for its rundown of traffic-controlled substances (21 USC Sec. 801 1/22/02; Schedule III). However, the master plan of the clinical and research advantages of anabolic medications have been disregarded due to the sensationalize media inclusion of these medications.  Current logical examines are as yet uncertain on whether anabolic steroids are amazingly perilous for organization, inverse to what has been effectively guaranteed by against sedate authorities and government authorities.DatesThe Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 19 90 (ASCA) was built up to direct the dissemination of anabolic steroids in the United States.â The Drug Enforcement Administration of the U.S. Branch of Justice has been commanded to actualize measures to shield the individuals from these hazardous drugs.â A four-section meaning of anabolic steroids fills in as an outline to distinguish any analogs of the concoction substance that might be wildly administered to competitors and other youths.The definition included substances that are artificially and pharmacologically like testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, just as a nearby resemblance in its upgrade for muscle growth.â The Act ordered anabolic steroids in a similar class as barbiturates and LSD antecedents and guarantee that these substances bring about risky impacts to the human body.â The Act proclaims that any individual trapped in the ownership of these anabolic steroids will be captured and prosecuted.â The rundown of anabolic steroids in the Act are consistently being refreshed, as new forms of these medications are logically being made through the years.AddressesDrug Enforcement AdministrationU.S. Division of JusticeWashington, D.C. 20038-8083SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATIONBackgroundAnabolic androgenic steroids are testosterone subordinates that are for the most part utilized for muscle and execution enhancement.â These medications are as often as possible utilized by serious competitors so as to accomplish an edge or better control of their physical quality and execution during pro athletics games.â Retrospective studies demonstrated that anabolic steroids have been utilized since the 1960s to date (Duchaine, 1983), with current national client rates going from 3% to 9% among secondary school understudies alone.â The specific impact of anabolic steroids in the creating human body has not been completely contemplated, and the expansion in number of reports of adolescent competitors ending it all has called the consideration of the enact ment to survey and audit sedate authorization laws covering this particular drug.It has been accounted for that the delayed utilization of anabolic steroids have may make various unfavorable impacts the human body, including liver harm, gynecomastia, atherogenesis, mental clutters, for example, hostility and viciousness, and even passing (Balbigian, 2001; Brower, 2002; Glazer, 1991; Pope and Katz, 1990; Malone et al. 1995).â Investigations on the across the country utilization of anabolic steroids have provoked Congress to set up the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990, which chiefly demonstrates that the non-clinical work of anabolic steroids is deserving of law.â Any infringement will be punished by in any event 15 days to 5 years detainment or potentially $1,000 to $1,000,000 fine, contingent upon the degree of the violation.â So far, the overall population has bolstered the Anabolic Steroid Control Act, for the most part because of the enormous and aggressor media inclusi on of the topic.However, the genuine negative impacts of the utilization of anabolic steroidal medications have not been extensively researched to date, and that the reports that have been unveiled in the media have been detached cases chosen from a huge number of instances of high school clients around the United States.â Scientifically, the antagonistic impacts from the delayed utilization of anabolic steroids stay uncertain to date, and in fact, anabolic steroid use has been demonstrated to be helpful in the treatment of clinical disorders.In one report, it has of late been resolved that the impact of an anabolic steroid to the treatment of weight reduction in human immunodeficiency infection (HIV)- contaminated patients is identically compelling and sheltered when contrasted with the usually controlled recombinant development hormone that has been endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration (Storer et al. 2005).â In another situation, the organization of an anabolic steroid has been advantageous in prostate disease patients by forestalling further movement of prostate malignant growth cells to different pieces of the body (Guerini et al. 2005).â The anabolic steroid oxandrolone has been effectively utilized in the treatment of muscle misfortune in patients determined to have Duchenne solid dystrophy and might be a potential ground-breaking possibility for general treatment of such kinds of patients (Balagopal et al. 2006).Scientific research shows that anabolic steroids give more valuable impacts than what has been guaranteed by enactment as genuine, unfriendly impacts to the human body.â More in this way, the negative reports that have related with the utilization of anabolic steroids have not been examined logically and have just accomplished a lot of consideration through the assistance of media and press inclusion.  Therefore, it is basic that the authoritative bodies audit the limitations related with the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 199 0 and completely decide the real impacts of anabolic steroid intake.â It is remorseful to realize that there are different medications and exercises that are considerably more injurious or hurtful to individuals however are not effectively constrained by the Senate, including smoking, corrective medical procedure and over-the-counter medications, for example, anti-inflamatory medicine and ibuprofen, which has caused much more instances of passings and hospitalizations that anabolic steroids.The Proposed RuleBased on the above data on the ebb and flow status, information and utilization of anabolic steroids, we might want to suggest that anabolic steroids be authorized for use in the United States.â In turn, we might want to underline the requirement for additional logical research to decide the instruments of activity of each sort of anabolic medication to increase a superior comprehension of its signs and contraindications.â There should be an exhaustive overview on the recur rence of utilization of anabolic steroids over the human populace, with defined classifications of clients, for example, high school competitors, geriatric patients, malignancy patients, thus on.â Any cases that report any antagonistic impact from utilization of anabolic steroids ought to be appropriately recorded and analyzed.â Should there be adequate explanation that anabolic steroids be halted from dissemination in the network, we are happy to survey these impacts once critical data has been assembled from solid reports.Legal ConsiderationsAs the utilization of anabolic steroids is legitimized, we thusly, recommend that an across the country observation program on the utilization of anabolic steroids be actualized by the Drug Enforcement Administration, as an estimation apparatus on the specific consequences for the utilization of these substances.â The data that will be accumulated will be incorporated into a national anabolic steroid database for examination and interpre tation.â All anabolic steroid cases will be remembered for the database, including any points of interest, disservices or no obvious impacts that might be identified with the admission of this drug.The reconnaissance program will be directed for a long time, of which at its perfection, will be assessed and further revisions will be founded on the aftereffects of the investigation and translation of this database.â Such review will give a superior comprehension of the impacts of anabolic steroid use, which will be progressively solid, strong and logical, and we won't need to rely upon impacts or purposeful publicity from the media or other government officials.ReferencesBabigian A, Silverman RT (2001): Management of gynecomastia because of utilization of anabolic steroids in muscle heads. Plast. Reconstr. Surg.â 107:240â€242.Balagopal P, Olney R, Darmaun D, Mougey E, Dokler M, Sieck G and Hammond D (2006):â Oxandrolone upgrades skeletal muscle myosin combination and adjust s worldwide quality articulation profile in Duchenne solid dystrophy.â Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 290:E530â€E539.Brower KJ (2002): Anabolic steroid misuse and reliance. Curr. Psychiatry Rep.â 4:377â€383.Duchaine D., ed. (1983):â Underground Steroid Handbook, first Ed. California: HLR Technical Books, 84pp.Glazer G (1991): Atherogenic impacts of anabolic steroids on serum lipid levels. Curve. Understudy. Prescription. 151:1925â€1933.Guerini V, Sau D, Scaccianoce E, Rusmini P, Ciana P, Maggi A, Martini PGV, Katzenellenbogen BS, Martini L, Motta M and Poletti A (2005):â The androgen subordinate 5î ±-androstane-3î ²,17î ²-diol restrains prostate malignant growth cell relocation through enactment of the estrogen receptor ÃŽ ² subtype.â Cancer Res.â 65(12):5445-5453.Malone DA Jr, Dimeff R, Lombardo JA, Sample BRH (1995): Psychiatric impacts and psychoactive substance use in anabolic-androgenic steroid clients. Clin. J. Sports Med. 5:25â€31.Pope HG Jr. what's more, Katz DL (1990): Homicide and close manslaughter by anabolic steroid clients. J. Clin. Psychiatryâ 51:28â€31.Storer TW, Woodhouse LJ, Sattler F, Singh FB, Schroeder ET, Beck K, Padero MC, Mac P, Yarasheski KE, Geurts P, Willemsen A, Harms MK and Bhasin Sâ (2005):â A randomized, fake treatment controlled preliminary of nandrolone decanoate in humanâ immunodeficiency infection contaminated men with mellow to direct weight reduction with recombinant human development hormone as dynamic reference treatment.

The Impact Of Terrorism - Free Essay Example

According to Bloom (2011), terrorism is widely used by the weak in the struggle against the strong. Terrorism is non-conventional warfare to confront strong and conventional armies. Modern armies are well armed and engaging them in conventional warfare for non-state actors is foolish. Most terrorist groups lack the resources or labor to fight such a war. Instead, terrorism is an attractive option because it focuses on soft targets that are hard to protect but they cause damage and create fear. The objective of terrorism is to create fear to force the strong group to accept concessions if the enemy does not want to engage in an endless war. Terrorism is mostly associated with the men but women are also actively engaged in terror activities. However, the impact of terrorism is different for men and women. Women, although they can be perpetrators, are likely to be victims. Children, on the other hand, are victims and perpetrators but they experience violence differently. Their young and impressionable mind makes them easier to manipulate to engage in all forms of atrocities while also suffering as victims. Women are mostly victims of terror attacks. Women have suffered from terror attacks around the world for various reasons. However, on the other hand, some women have joined terror groups. According to Weinberg Eubank (2011), women actively participated in violent activities in Russia long before women in the west gained the right to vote. For instance, a Russian woman almost killed Lenin, the Russian revolutionary leader who introduced communism in Russia after the removal and execution of Tsar Nicholas from power. Prior to that event, and following the emancipation of the serfs in the 19th century, a period of general instability ensued in Russia. One of the groups fomenting chaos was Peoples Will and women played a key role in its activities. One of its members, Vera Zasulich, shot and almost killed the governor general of the St. Petersburg. This terror group also managed to kill Czar Alexander II in 1881, an event that destabilized Russia greatly. Within that group, women played a critical role in the planning and executing the Russian leader. In The Socialist Revolutionary Party (SR), women were also active. In general, the group used terrorism to achieve its objective and one of its branches was the Combat Organization that carried out a string of assassinations until the outbreak of the revolution in Russian that replaced the monarchy with communism. In the United States and the west in general, anarchist groups had women as their most important members. One of these women was Emma, whom the government jailed severally for her activities of fomenting chaos and violence. Women also played a role in Israel and particularly former president Meir. In Algeria, they also played a role in fighting against the French. In Palestine, one of the symbols of the resistance against the Jewish rule is a woman named Khaled. Even today, women continue to play a critical role in the struggle against the Jewish state by protecting jihadists or aiding them in many ways. For instance, liberation fighters use unarmed women to provoke Israeli soldiers to attack them so that the resultant media coverage can benefit Palestinian cause and discredit the Israeli state. Despite the clear involvement of women in terrorism and terror-related activities, international law response to terrorism has refused to consider the fact. Therefore, existing studies explore the issue from a gendered perspective where the perpetrator is male (Huckerby, 2014). The result is the exclusion of experiences of women and an unclear picture of what really happens to women in terror-prone regions. Furthermore, the exclusion of women had led to a situation where the impact of counter-terrorism activities on women is unknown. If the impact is negative, efforts meant to address violence leads to adverse outcomes on women and girls, different from the original intention of the policymakers. Despite the exclusion of women, governments are implementing measures to address the issue. One of the ways they are doing that is to explore the impact of terrorism on women. Secondly, governments fighting insurgents are using to fight propaganda from jihadists (Huckerby, 2014). Moreover, because women play a critical role in society such as mentoring young people, sharing messages that counter those of terrorists make it harder for groups to recruit young men and women in communities. Their role in fighting insurgents is attracting attention. Women are prominent members of the society and have influence in their own right and including them in the fight against terror groups can yield good results. The United Nations have recognized the important role of women in recognizing early signs of radicalization and dealing with it. In discussions on how to fight international terrorism, experts now think that women can offer help (Chowdhury, Zeiger Bhulai, 2016). The problem, though, is the role of women in addressing the issue is now well studied. However, despite that, emerging evidence from Pakistan suggests that with the right training, women can make children reaching adulthood avoid recruitment. Women are closer to children, so they can use that closeness to advise them against joining terror groups (Chowdhury, Zeiger Bhulai, 2016). In that sense, women can act as preventers of terrorism. The problem with that strategy is that it might expose them to greater danger of violence from terror groups. However, women are not just victims. Researchers have documented that women do act as perpetrators of violence. They fight in the frontlines or in supportive activities like making bombs and generally offering moral support to attackers. Therefore, by engaging with them directly, it reduces their chances of engaging in acts of terror. According to Horgan, Taylor, Bloom Winter (2016), some aspects of childrens response to large-scale violence are not well studied. One of the less understood areas is the motivation to use children as targets of terror and as perpetrators. However, preliminary evidence suggests that terror groups and even government soldiers target children to create an environment of fear. In Pakistan, the Taliban targeted children so that they can cause fear and terror in families. Also, by killing children of government officers or soldiers, the group hopes to inflict the pain on those who fight the group on the frontline. The objective is not just to kill but inflict pain by targeting the innocent and helpless ones. The killing of children also provokes a massive amount of revulsion mixed with fear, which is the objective of any terror group. Without causing fear, terror group cannot be effective or force the government to negotiate. The extent of the violence against children is massive (Horgan, Taylor, Bloom Winter, 2016). Even in developed countries such as the United States, violent groups have not spared children from violence. Episodic violence such as Sandy Hook attack leaves scores of children dead or injured. Children are also easy targets for recruitment by groups because they are vulnerable. Terror groups recruit them to serve as fighters or as sex slaves if they are girls. Some groups such as the Lords Resistance Army in northern Uganda used children exclusively as fighters. During the American war of independence, the revolutionaries used children extensively. Children, some as young as seven years old, played important roles as war as scouts or in supportive functions. Boko Haram, a terror group operating in northern Nigeria uses children as suicide bombers. Hamas use young people or adolescents as suicide. These groups find children easier to handle and indoctrinate so that they can cause mass causalities in the war on terror. Children experience terror differently compared to men and women. On one hand, they are victims when attackers kill them. When they survive death, terror groups use them as a form of human shields when fighting government soldiers. They fight in the frontline, taking much of the fire, while the older fighters remain in the background. Once they have softened the attack, the mature men attacks now join the frontline. During its war with Iraq, Iran extensively by encouraging them to walk on mined fields to demine them. Also, non-state actors such as Boko Haram victimize children when they kidnap them to act as sex slaves and suicide bombers. Some groups, particularly in Africa, exclusively use children as soldiers. One such group is the Lords Resistance Army that used to operate in Northern Uganda. On those dimensions, the experiences of children are different. For women, they might suffer violence and sex slavery but rarely do fighters force them to join the war. For men, terrorist groups might force them to take arms but they do not suffer from sexual exploitation. In conclusion, it is evident that women and men can be victims as well as perpetrators of terrorism. In the case of women, they are often likely to be victims, judging from the latest incidents of terrorism in the Middle East and Africa. In the Darfur region of Sudan, terror groups rape women as part of ethnic cleansing and erasing the identity of undesirable groups. In the Middle East, ISIS use women as sex slaves. Men not allied to the terror groups are killed or forced to join the violence as perpetrators. In some cases, women have been fighting for terrorists. Therefore, the experiences of women and men differ to some extent. However, in international law and studies on terrorism, the focus has been on men to the exclusion of children and women. The gendered view has led to some misunderstanding but it is now clear that including women in every aspect of counter-terrorism has benefits. One of the benefits is fighting the propaganda messages from terror groups. Other than women, another group whose experiences in dealing with terror the international law has relegated to the periphery is children.

Essay Unit 5 P3 Btec Level 3 Health and Social Care

Main body system Cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system has three main functions: ïÆ'Ëœ Transport- Transportation of oxygen, nutrients and hormones to cells and removal of metabolic wastes such as carbon dioxide, heat and nitrogenous wastes. ïÆ'Ëœ Regulation- Of body temperature, fluid pH and water content of cells ïÆ'Ëœ Protection- By white blood cells, antibodies and complement proteins that circulate in blood and defend again foreign microbes and toxins. Also white blood cells clot when body is injured. Heart is associated to cardiovascular system, heart is also known as the blood-pump of the body. It pumps blood through the circulatory system to all parts of the body. The blood carries food and oxygen to the cells and carries†¦show more content†¦The amino acids that are not immediately required are broken down in the liver to make urea; this urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys for elimination of waste. The functions of the renal system, which are performed by the kidneys, are to regulate and maintain the balance of electrolytes and the pH of the fluid that has been processed. It assists in the production of new red blood cells and it also involved in the maintenance of blood pressure. Kidneys, ureters and bladder are associated with renal system. The main functions of the kidney in order of importance are: Blood pressure control salt and water balance erythropoietin (a hormone) production vitamin D metabolism The function of ureters is to enter the urinary bladder at an angle to help prevent any back flow (reflux) of urine back into the ureter. The ureter connects the kidney to the urinary bladder and urine is drained from the kidney and stored in the bladder it’s a passage through which urine passes from kidneys to the urinary bladder. The function of bladder is to hold urine the bladder is a sort of pouch found in the end of the genito-urinarian tract. 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Essay on William Shakespeares Othello - 1294 Words

In Shakespeare’s play Othello, tragedy unfolds on the account of one man’s actions, Iago. He is a twenty eight year old military veteran from Venice. His personality consists of being obsessive, manipulative, relentless, and bold. From the beginning he expressed his hatred towards the Moor, or North African named Othello. Othello is a highly respected general and is also married to the pure Desdemona. The marriage between Othello and Desdemona is destroyed due to Iago’s actions and lies. His actions consist of getting Michael Cassio discharged as lieutenant and convincing the Moor that his wife is cheating on him. The motives Iago has for despising Othello are he passed him over for a promotion to be his lieutenant, instead he chose†¦show more content†¦The reason Cassio is discharged as Othello’s lieutenant is because he fought Montano, who was the governor of Cyprus before Othello. Now that Cassio has been discharged as lieutenant, Iago has achi eved one of goals because Othello tell Iago â€Å"Now art thou my lieutenant† (III, ii. 485). Although his hate for Othello still remains as he has suspicion that he has slept with his wife, Emilia. Iago’s next achievement in Shakespeare’s play Othello is to convince Othello that his wife is cheating on him. He wants to destroy their marriage because he believes Othello has slept with his wife, Emilia which is another motive as to why he hates Othello. Starting in Act One, Scene Three Iago wants to start â€Å"poisoning† Othello’s mind with thoughts of his wife having an affair with Cassio. He states in lines 385-387, â€Å"Let’s see. After some time, to abuse Othello’s ear that he is too familiar with his wife†. Iago is going to put the impression that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. Iago wants to put these thoughts into Othello’s head; therefore Othello can experience the same betrayal and heartbreak that he is experiencing. He believes Othello will trust his word because Cassio is good looking and a smooth talker. In Act Three, Scene Three Iago starts hinting to Othello that his lieutenant, Michael Cassio coul d be having an affair with Othello’s wife Desdemona. Iago tells Othello, â€Å"Look toShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Othello997 Words   |  4 Pagesa person chooses to act around a certain group of people can be out of courteousness or his or her bad nature. William Shakespeare does not only shed light towards this topic but allows his audience to distinguish appearance versus reality. Shakespeares Othello and sonnets 93 and 138 demonstrate being who you are in reality triumphs over appearance and what you seem to be. In Othello, Shakespeare illustrates the importance reality takes place in identifying a persons true character as early asRead More William Shakespeares Othello1440 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Othello A significant moment in Othello demonstrates the theme of binaries questioned in many of Shakespeares works. Addressing the Duke and senators, Othello says: Let her have your voice. Vouch with me heaven, I therefore beg it not To please the palate of my appetite, Nor to comply with heat--the young affects In me defunct--and proper satisfaction, But to be free and bounteous to her mind; And heaven defend your good souls that you think I will your seriousRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Othello1173 Words   |  5 Pages Othello is set in a world and focuses on the passions and personalities of its major figures. (Thomas). Othello is a tragedy by William Shakespeare. The work revolves around four central characters: Othello, Othellos wife Desdemona, his lieutenant Cassio and advisor Iago. The play appeared in seven editors between 1622 and 1705. The themes of the story are racism, love, jealousy, and betrayal. Othello is a black soldier who is accused of stealing his wife Desdemona. Although Desdemonas fatherRead MoreEssay on William Shakespeares Othello574 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Othello The play Othello was said to have been written in 1603/4, but no one really knows. It was first performed in front of king James I. It was very original because it had a black tragic hero and at that time it was very rare too see a black character let alone a main one. The key themes are the same in most of Shakespeares plays (love, jealousy, appearance and reality, dark and light. The main theme is Othellos jealousy, which results inRead More William Shakespeares Othello Essay2198 Words   |  9 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Othello Every artist needs a subject to draw inspiration from—an idea to develop into a masterpiece. Leonardo da Vinci had Madame Lisa to portray in paint. The Beach Boys had Rhonda to render in rhyme. And William Shakespeare had one of one hundred stories written by Giraldi Cinthio to help him create his masterpiece, Othello. Each artist creates his own interpretation from his source. Shakespeare transformed the core of Cinthio’s story into a tragedy. A tragedy isRead More Othello as the Greater Evil in William Shakespeare’s Othello1842 Words   |  8 PagesOthello as the Greater Evil in William Shakespeare’s Othello What makes one person to be considered evil, while another is considered righteous? The character Iago, in William Shakespeare’s Othello, could be considered evil because of his plot against Cassio and Othello. Othello, could be considered righteous, because he believes his wife has been unfaithful. The line between these two labels, evil or righteous, is thin. Ultimately, actions speak louder than words. Iago is evil in his actionsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Othello629 Words   |  3 Pagescharacteristics of human beings is the necessity to survive. In Shakespeare’s play, Othello survival is taken to the extreme by the character, Iago. Iago’s selfishness is what ultimately drives him to manipulate the people around him. Initially Iago manipulates a character by the name of Roderigo. Roderigo is a Venetian gentleman that is in love with the wife of Othello, Desdemona and will do whatever it takes to win her over from Othello. Roderigo who is oblivious to the idea and fact that Iago isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Othello827 Words   |  3 Pagestragedies. One of the tragedies was the play Othello. The two characters that stuck out the most were Othello, the moor, and his beautiful wife Desdemona. The couple had certain mishaps but most readers did not expect a melodramatic plot twist. Othello had many downfalls, including insecurity. In the play Othello, the lack of communication between Desdemona and Othello was the cause for their deaths. Iago had major hatred toward Othello because Othello did not employ him as his lieutenant. Iago knewRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Othello2192 Words   |  9 PagesOthello is commonly referred to as just Othello but the full name of the play is The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice. The tragedy of Othello is concise with Shakespeare’s other more popular works. Upon dissecting the play the most recognizable themes are the play’s complex and prevalent ambivalences of love and hate, jealousy, and perniciousness. Title and playwright â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice is believed to have been based primarily on the Italian short story Un CapitanoRead More Racism in William Shakespeares Othello Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesRacism in William Shakespeares Othello The play, Othello, is certainly, in part, the tragedy of racism. Examples of racism are common throughout the dialog. This racism is directed toward Othello, a brave soldier from Africa and currently supreme commander of the Venetian army. Nearly every character uses a racial slur to insult Othello at one point in the play. Even Emilia sinks to the level of insulting Othello based on the color of his skin. The character that most commonly makes racist

David Crystal’s free essay sample

David Crystal’s â€Å"2b or Not 2b? † is an interesting topic and a global wide well known subject. As most people are guilty of text messaging not everyone breaks the rules of the English language. This controversial material has many side and views. In the beginning of the essay the author emphasizes how in a newspaper article written by John Humphry there is a disapproval and disgust of text message â€Å"they are destroying it: pillaging our punctuation; savaging our sentences; raping our vocabulary† (335). In the second paragraph he uses John Sutherland of University College London’s writing as a support in the disapproval of texting with the following statement â€Å"bleak, bald, sad shorthand. Drab shrinktalk†¦Linguistically it’s all pig’s ear†¦ (I)t makes dyslexia, poor spelling and mental laziness. Texting is penmanship for illiterates† (335). So far I can sympathize with what the author is trying to convey with the above statements. We will write a custom essay sample on David Crystal’s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But he has not given any information to back up his argument in how texting is spoiling the English language. The source the author has used to make this argument does not make the antecedent creditable to make his premises valid. Next, the author talks about the evolution of technology. People were afraid of the advance technology has made from printing newspaper to telephones, digital and SMS. He affirms that nothing has been more vividly arousing than text messaging. Text message has opened new doors to the use of language. As most of the world seems to enjoy text messaging his statement stands. Even when breaking the rules of the language the author insists that text messaging is mind opening, entertaining and a new way to communicate. He presented a few convincing life situation examples. Tmobile had a contest for the best poetry to celebrate World Poetry day the two finalists had different approach to the art of orthography; one presented his poetry in standard orthography and the other runner up in textspeak. Yoshi a prosperous novelist writer in Japan, writers his entire novel in textspeak and send it as a text message to reach the reader. Yoshi gets the reader involved on how the novel should end. In china there is also a mobile literature channel. The writer Xuan Huang tells a love story in 15chapters, only one chapter a day via text message. Another writer by the name of Hannu Luntiala also published 332 page stories in a form of SMS massage. The statements the author has mentioned about text messaging opening doors, have me convinced that text messaging have expanded in many horizons. Crystal gives a bit of history on the topic of the developmental phenomenon of text message. He also provides some numerical statistics on the popularization of texting. â€Å"In the UK, in 2001, 12. 2 billion text messages were sent. This had doubled by 2004, and was forecast to be 45 billion in 2007. on Christmas Day alone 2006, over 205 million texts went out. World figures went from 17 billion in 2000 to 250 billion in 2001. They passed a trillion in 2005. Text messaging generated around $70 billion in 2005. That’s more than three times as much as all Hollywood box office returns that year† (336). These numbers seems to be very believable but Crystal fails to prove evidence of his statics. Readers may be skeptical of the information provided. The author may possess credibility as a writer but in order to forecast statics some requirements must be fulfilled such as: collecting data and research, which at this point was not provided to the reader. According to Crystal, the older and more conservative one is, the less likely they are to modify orthography when texting. In the other hand, the younger crowd is more prone to use much more rebuses and abbreviations when textings. A young kid wrote a school essay using textspeak, the teacher was unable to read it. The work was unable to be traced back to the writer. The paper seemed to be bogus. This statement appears to be irrelevant to the topic of text messaging, writing an essay and texting is not the same. Perhaps the youngster was not a literate child. Crystal argue that much of what is used in texting have been used some time before, many years ago. And each person has their own unique style of sending text messages. His examples are acceptable and he make an excellent point. â€Å"IOU is known from 1618. SWALK sealed with a loving kiss† (339). â€Å"Eric Parthridge published his Dictionary of Abbreviation in 1942, therefore, abbreviations of words are not novelties. Moreover the author made a point in pointing out one of the advantage of having a unique style when texting. A man was found guilty and convicted of a murder charge, all thanks to a text message evidence that point out he was the person sending the text message, instead of someone else, as he told the police. His particular way of texting was the evidence to find him guilty. Overall the author have defended and showed why text message can be of a positive and beneficial effect to society. One drawback was the essay was not well organized. The author went from present to past and vise verse, it made a little confusing. The audience intended for the essay is everyone who opposes to text messaging and who thinks that text message is ruining the English Language.

International Marketing Essays (944 words) - Marketing,

International Marketing International Marketing Proctor & Gamble originated in 1837, when William Proctor and James Gamble formed a partnership in Cincinnati, Ohio. The partnership flourished making the company a gaining name as principled manufacturer of high quality consumer goods sold at competitive prices. By 1992 Proctor & Gamble was a multinational company with annual sales of almost $30 billion profits exceeding $1.8 billion, and a reputation for quality products, high integrity, strong marketing, and conservative management. When P&G grew they became more and more interested in foreign markets. In 1992 they had sold their products in more than 140 countries around the world. In 1991 Ps tissue division. Facelle was a medium sized manufacturer and marketer of tissue, towel and sanitary products. So for 185 million P&G bought the Facelle Co. Proctor & Gamble had to consider many things when entering the market in Canada. Tissue products were inexpensive, widely used and were frequently purchased (on average once every two weeks.) Brand switching was high and the risks with product failure were low. The only thing that manufacturers had to worry about was to differentiate their products on performance to build loyalty. Retailers felt that the paper was a low profit, low loyalty category. They used it primarily to draw consumers into their stores. Royale had been the only 3ply tissue on the market, and was viewed as the traditional strong, premium quality facial tissue. Florelle was a 2ply tissue that had received little promotional attention. It lost most of its market share in 1991 and was down 5.8% at the beginning of 92. Other competing brands of tissue were Kimberly Clark with their Kleenex brand, which had a very good year in 1991. Scott tissue who at first fell a few shares due to loss of trade support, but relaunched their brand in September 1991, positioning it as a product with high content of recycle material, and supporting it with heavy advertising. Irving and all others had average an average year. Brand Image for Royale based upon its premium positioning, historically unique 3ply product design and its softness claim, and had built the leading brand image in the product category. Brand users gave Royale an overall score of 85 on a scale of 100, marginally superior to Kleenex. Even though Royal enjoyed a very favorable overall brand image, they were lacking on thing that would make their product do even better. Knowledge about the brand was not as high as they would have liked. Many people who used it didnt even know that it was a 3ply tissue rather than a 2ply. This brand image did not translate to market share. Royale was used as a part-time brand that was bought on feature or specifically for cold care, but seldom for regular usage around the household. Also Royales price exceeded Kleenexs by more than $.20 when Kleenex dropped to $0.79 after the introduction of Kleenexs 150s. Florelle a standard 2ply tissue brand offered specialty sizes (pocket packs, man-size, and cube format). P&G felt the need to upgrade the softness of Facelle tissue by adding eucalyptus fibre and sacrificing some tissue strength since Facelle was one of the strongest tissues on the market. The one problem with the upgrade was deciding whether to keep the product name of Facelle and just say it is better, or change it to Royal some how distinguishing the 3ply from the 2ply. They decided to introduce the product under the name Puffs. Puffs, which had been successfully launched in the U.S twenty years ago, not yet introduced in Canada, would still do well due to Advertising spills from the U.S. Proctor and Gambles results to the research regarding consumer perception of Royale and Facelle were not good. Even though Royale was one of the leading brands in

English Unit 7 Essays

English Unit 7 Essays English Unit 7 Paper English Unit 7 Paper Essay Topic: Poetry a cause for which Swift wrote the devaluation of Irish coins Tory party Swifts, Johnsons, Goldsmiths political party subject of the Deserted Village destruction of village life Gullivers Travels a political satire labouring swain is an example poetic diction johnson believed literature should appeal mainly to this person common man political events of second half of the eighteenth century growing British empire published by Johnson A dictionary of the English language published by Goldsmith The Vicar of Wakefield simile a comparison using like or as In On the morning of Christs nativity, what did Christ forsake and what did he choose? He left Heaven to live in darkness as a mortal In On His Blindness, Milton regrets that his blindness restricts his work The repetition of initial consonants is alliteration Verse having units of two rhyming lines with five iambic feet in each line is written in heroic couplets to give something human characteristics is to _______ it personify a story in which things represent parts of a doctrine or theme is an allegory a type of literature that ridicules something to correct behavior is a satire an poem with fourteen lines, either Italian or English, is a sonnet Periodicals and the novel became more popular as the more powerful ______ class began to read. middle Milton was imprisoned because of his previous position in the commonwealth Charles II was ________ to the throne in 1660 restored When public land was ________ for private estates, many of the rural poor were driven away enclosed John Bunyan studied _________ after the civil war the Bible The Commonwealth and the Industrial Revolution helped to create a more strong middle class The poet takes the loss of The Deserted Village personally because he planned to retire there How are Bunyans characters in Pilgrims Progress more than just symbols? They are described very realistically What is one country or group people that Swift used in Gullivers Travels to satirize English society? the Brobgingians, the Lilliputians, and their emperor, Laputans In Pilgrims Progress what does the character Christian represent? He represents a man trying to overcome inner obstacles, trying to save his soul T:F/ In The Deserted Village, the villagers are driven from their homes because the Enclosure Acts have enabled a wealthy landowner to buy the public property. True T:F/ In that same poem, the poet says the villagers will either go to America or to crowded, corrupted charity homes. False T:F/ In Gullivers Travels, the king of Brobdingnag observes that most men are morally qualified for their careers. false T/F: Goldsmith wrote a novel entitled The Vicar of Wakefield, about a parsons family. true T/F: At the end of The Deserted Village, poetry lives with the rural virtues and the displaced villagers because people left in England are too corrupted by wealth to appreciate art. true T/F: The Puritans felt that the Anglican Church was corrupted true T/F: Oliver Goldsmith believed that extreme wealth is destructive. true T/F: Oliver Goldsmith wrote very few periodical essays. false T/F: In The Deserted Village, Goldsmith insults the sentimental village preacher false T/F: Samuel Johnson wrote periodical essays in numerous newspapers true